DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF A T- AND D-TRIGGERS BASED ON COMPLEMENTARY BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS

Abstract

The study proposed T- and D-type flip-flop circuits based on complementary bipolar transistors. Mathematical modeling and simulation in PROTEUS confirmed the feasibility of achieving high switching speeds corresponding to frequencies up to 1 GHz. Reviewing the basic transistor designs and operating characteristics enabled the development of a structure that balances operating speed and energy efficiency. The theoretical foundations laid out at the beginning of the article and their practical implementation at the end ensured the correctness of the developed solution, which meets the stated research objectives.