STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF LOGIC AS A SCIENCE AND THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING IT ON THE BASIS OF MODERN PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES

Abstract

This article examines the main stages in the formation of logic as a science and analyzes the methodological foundations for teaching logic on the basis of modern pedagogical approaches. The study considers the historical evolution of logic from its emergence in ancient philosophical thought to its development as an independent scientific discipline associated with formal, dialectical, and symbolic traditions. Particular attention is paid to the contribution of classical thinkers to the establishment of logical laws, concepts, forms of reasoning, and methods of proof, as well as to the transformation of logic under the influence of contemporary educational paradigms. The article also explores the didactic potential of logic in higher pedagogical education, emphasizing its role in developing critical thinking, analytical skills, coherent speech, and the culture of argumentation among students. In the methodological dimension, the paper highlights the importance of student-centered learning, problem-based instruction, interactive methods, and digital educational tools in the effective teaching of logic. It is argued that the integration of modern pedagogical approaches into logic instruction increases students’ cognitive engagement, supports independent reasoning, and improves the practical application of logical knowledge in academic and professional contexts. The article concludes that teaching logic in pedagogical universities should be organized as a dynamic, reflective, and competence-oriented process that connects the historical foundations of the discipline with the demands of contemporary education.